Industry 4.0: Why it belongs on the CEO agenda Industry 4.0, or the fourth industrial revolution , is no longer a vision of some far-off future. It’s already happening – and will pick up pace tremendously over the next few years. The main drivers of this trend are changes in customer expectations as well as the broad implementation of new technologies, such as the Internet of Things , sensors, connected devices, 3D printing, or cloud solutions. Value chains of industrial companies all over the globe are becoming increasingly digitized and connected, as are their products and services. At the same time, digital business models are challenging conventional approaches – often causing disruptive change. Digital business models: an example from the manufacturing industry In a traditional business model, the manufacturer’s machines are self-contained. Software is used to automate individual machines, but the machines themselves are not connected. In a digital business mod