Everything About Engineering

Zaman etüdü (Time Study,ing), gelişme olanağı yaratabilmek amacıyla, belirli bir faaliyeti ekonomiklik ve etkenlik yönünden etkileyen tüm kaynakları ve etmenleri dizgesel olarak araştırmaya ve insan çalışmasını geniş kapsamda incelemeye yönelik bir teknik olan  iş etüdünün ; bir çalışanın, belirli bir işi, belirli bir çalışma hızıyla yapması için gereken zamanı saptamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen iş ölçümü tekniklerinden bir tanesidir. Zaman etüdü çalışmasının adımları şu şekildedir: 1.İş, çalışan, çevre koşulları konusunda tüm bilgilerin derlenip kaydedilmesi, 2.İşin öğelerine ayrılarak süreç tanımlamasının yapılması, 3.Örnek büyüklüğünün belirlenmesi, 4.Çalışanların, işin her bir öğesinin tamamlamaları için gereken zamanın ölçülerek, belirlenen tempo ile birlikte kaydedilmesi, 5.Gözlenen zamanın temel zamanlara dönüştürülmesi, 6.Çalışma için temel zaman dışında tanınacak toleransların belirlenmesi, 7.Çalışma için standart zamanın belirlenmesi Gözlenen zamanın temel zmana dönüşt

Time Study Time study is a structured process of directly observing and measuring human work using a timing device to establish the time required for completion of the work by a qualified worker when working at a defined level of performance. It follows the basic procedure of systematic  work measurement  of: analysis  of the work into small, easily-measurable components or elements measurement  of those components and synthesis  from those measured components to arrive at a time for the complete job. The observer first undertakes preliminary observation of the work (a pilot study) to identify suitable elements which can be clearly recognised on subsequent occasions and are of convenient length for measurement. Subsequent studies are taken during which the observer times each occurrence of each element using a stopwatch or other timing device while at the same time making an assessment of the worker's rate of working on an agreed rating scale. One of the prime reasons

Continuous Improvement Continuous improvement is not a tool or technique as such; more a way of life or at least a cultural approach to quality improvement and the concept of continuous improvement has to be set in the context of the quality "movement". Quality as a business issue in the way we know it now arose with labour specialisation, mass production and automation techniques; techniques which moved away from the traditional expert craftsman approach to quality. In the new world of factories and mass production, quality was obtained by inspecting each part and passing only those that met specifications. This was true until 1931 when Walter A. Shewhart, a statistician at the Hawthorne plant at Western Electric published his book Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product (Van Nostrand, 1931). This book is the foundation of modern statistical process control (SPC) and provides the basis for the philosophy of total quality management or continuous process im

ABC Analysis/Pareto Analysis Pareto analysis (sometimes referred to as the 80/20 rule and as ABC analysis) is a method of classifying items, events, or activities according to their relative importance. It is frequently used in inventory management where it is used to classify stock items into groups based on the total annual expenditure for, or total stockholding cost of, each item. Organisations can concentrate more detailed attention on the high value/important items. Pareto analysis is used to arrive at this prioritisation. Taking inventory as an example, the first step in the analysis is to identify those criteria which make a significant level of control important for any item. Two possible factors are the usage rate for an item and its unit value. Close control is more important for fast moving items with a high unit value. Conversely, for slow moving, low unit value items the cost of the stock control system may exceed the benefits to be gained and simple methods of con

Working Flow Chart of Method Study Method Study :  Method study is the process of subjecting work to systematic, critical scrutiny to make it more effective and/or more efficient. It is one of the keys to achieving productivity improvement. It was originally designed for the analysis and improvement of repetitive manual work but it can be used for all types of activity at all levels of an organization.  Method study  is essentially used for finding better ways of doing work. It is a technique for cost reduction.  The philosophy of method study is that 'there is always a better way of doing a job' and the tools of method study are designed to systematically arrive at this better way of doing a job.  Procedure Involved in Methods Study: The basic approach to method study consists of the following eight steps. The detailed procedure for conducting the method study is shown in Fig. Working flow chart of method study 1. SELECT  the work to be studied and def

Tools and Techniques of Industrial Engineering Used in Apparel Industry Concept of Industrial Engineering (IE): Industrial Engineering  (IE) is concerned with the design, Improvement, and installation of integrated system of men, material, and machines for the benefit of mankind .It draws upon specialized knowledge and skills in the mathematical and physical sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems.  IE Tools of Industrial Engineering:  The main aim of tools are to improve the productivity of the organization by optimum utilization of organizations resources: men, materials, and machines. The major tools used in industrial engineering are:  Production planning and control. Inventory control. Job evaluation. Facilitates planning and material handling. System analysis. Linear programming. Simulation. Network analysis (PERT, CPM). Queuing models.

The Strategies View of Industrial Engineering and Its Discussion Introduction:  Industrial engineering  (IE) is about choices. Other engineering disciplines apply  skills to very specific areas. IE gives you the opportunity to work in a variety of  businesses. The most distinctive aspect of industrial engineering is the flexibility  that it offers. Whether it’s shortening a roller coaster line, streamlining an  operating room, distributing products worldwide, or manufacturing superior  automobiles, all share the common goal of saving money and increasing  efficiencies.  The most distinctive aspect of industrial engineering is the flexibility it offers. Whether it’s shortening a rollercoaster line, streamlining an operating room, distributing products worldwide, or manufacturing superior automobiles, these challenges share the common goal of saving companies money and increasing efficiencies.  As companies adopt management philosophies of continuous productivity and quality imp